Voluntary Anti-Doping Association Official Prohibited List

This document contains the Official Prohibited List (Substances and Methods) of the Voluntary Anti-Doping Association (VADA). VADA guidelines concerning these specific substances and groups are intended to closely track internationally recognized standards for substances prohibited by sport, such as the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Official Prohibited List of 2022. Therefore, nomenclature for these substances, classification groups and other uses by the WADA Prohibited List will be preserved, unless otherwise specified by VADA.

VADA Prohibited List

PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES

The following classification groups and substances are prohibited at all times during participation in the VADA program. The following classification groups and substances listed herein are not restricted to the specifically-listed common or chemical names, nor are they restricted to the specific compounds or isomers listed below. Moreover, VADA has the right, at any time, to modify, edit, and add any substance or method according to any new laws, guidelines, VADA policies, or anti-doping ideals.

 

S0. NON-APPROVED SUBSTANCES

Any pharmacological substance which is not addressed by any of the subsequent sections of the List and with no current approval by any governmental regulatory health authority for human therapeutic use (e.g. drugs under pre-clinical or clinical development or discontinued, designer drugs, substances approved only for veterinary use) is prohibited at all times.

S1. ANABOLIC AGENTS

Anabolic agents are prohibited.

1. Anabolic Androgenic Steroids (AAS)

when administered exogenously, including but not limited to:

1-Androstenediol (5a -androst-1-ene-3β,17β-diol)

1-Androstenedione (5a -androst-1-ene-3,17-dione)

1-Androsterone (3a -hydroxy-5a-androst-1-ene-17-one)

1-Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5a-androst-1-ene-17-one)

1-Testosterone (17β-hydroxy-5a-androst-1 en-3-one)

4-Androstenediol (androst-4-ene-3β, 17β-diol)

4-Hydroxytestosterone (4,17β-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one)

5-Androstenedione (androst-5-ene-3,17-dione)

7a-hydroxy-DHEA7β-hydroxy-DHEA
7-Keto-DHEA
19-Norandrostenediol (estr-4-ene-3,17-diol)
19-Norandrostenedione (estr-4-ene-3,17-dione)
Androstanolone (5a-dihydrotestosterone, 17β-hydroxy-5a-androstan-3-one) Androstenediol (androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol)
Androstenedione (androst-4-ene-3,17-dione)
Bolasterone
Boldenone
Boldione (androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione)
Calusterone
Clostebol
Danazol ([1,2]oxazolo[4’,5’:2,3]pregna-4-en-20-yn-17a -ol) Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17 β -hydroxy-17a-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3- one)
Desoxymethyltestosterone (17a-methyl-5a -androst-2-en-17 β-ol and 17 a-methyl-5 a- androst-3-en-17β-ol)
Drostanolone
Epiandrosterone (3β-hydroxy-5a-androstan-17-one)
Epi-dihydrosterone (17β-hydroxy-5β-androstan-3-one)
Epitestosterone
Ethylestrenol (19-norpregna-4-en-17a-ol)
Fluoxymesterone
Formebolone
Furazabol (17a -methyl [1,2,5]oxadiazolo(3’,4’:2,3)-5a-androstan-17β-ol)
Gestrinone
Mestanolone
Mesterolone
Metandienone (17 β-hydroxy-17a -methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one)
Metenolone
Methandriol
Methasterone (17 β-hydroxy-2a,17a-dimethyl-5a-androstan-3-one)
Methyl-1-testosterone (17β-hydroxy-17a-methyl-5a -androst-1-en-3-one)
Methylclostebol
Methyldienolone (17 β-hydroxy-17a-methylestra-4,9-dien-3-one)
Methylnortestosterone (17 β-hydroxy-17a-methylestr-5a -4-en-3-one)
Methyltestosterone
Metribolone (methyltrienolone, 17β-hydroxy-17a-methylestra-4,9,11-trien-3-one) Mibolerone
Nandrolone (19-nortestosterone)
Norboletone
Norclostebol (4-chloro-17β-ol-estr-4-en-3-one)
Norethandrolone
Oxabolone

Oxandrolone 0xymesterone

Oxymetholone

Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA, 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one) Prostanozol (17β-((tetrahydropyran-2-yl)oxy)-1’H-pyrazolo(3,4:2,3)-5a-androstane) Quinbolone

Stanozolol

Stenbolone

Testosterone

Tetrahydrogestrinone (17-hydroxy-18a-homo-19-nor-17a-pregna-4,9,11-trien-3-one) Tibolone

Trenbolone (17 β-hydroxyestr-4,9,11-trien-3-one)

and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

2. Other Anabolic Agents

Including, but not limited to:

• Clenbuterol, osilodrostat, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs, e.g. andarine, LGD-4033 (ligandrol), enobosarm (ostarine) and RADA 140), zeranol and zilpatrol

S2. PEPTIDE HORMONES, GROWTH FACTORS, RELATED SUBSTANCES, AND MIMETICS

The following substances, and other substances with similar chemical structure or similar biological effects(s), are prohibited:

Including, but not limited to:

1. Erythropoietins (EPO) and agents affecting erythropoiesis, including, but not limited to:

1.1 Erythropoietin-receptor agonists, e.g.

Darbepoetins (dEPO);
Erythropoietins (EPO);
EPO-based constructs (e.g. EPO-Fc, methoxy polyethylene glycol-epoetin beta(CERA))EPO-mimetic agents and their constructs (e.g. CNTO-530 and peginesatide).

1.2 Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activating agents, e.g.

Cobalt;Daprodustat (GSK1278863);

IOX2;
Molidustat (BAY 85-3934);

Roxadustat (FG-4592);

Vadadustat (AKB-6548);

Xenon.

1.3 GATA inhibitors, e.g.

K-11706

1.4 Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling inhibitors, e.g.

Luspatercept;

Sotatercept.

1.5 Innate repair receptor agonists, e.g.

Asialo EPO;

Carbamylated EPO (CEPO).

2. Peptide Hormones and their Releasing Factors,

2.1 Chorionic gonadotrophin (CG) and luteinizing hormone (LH) and their releasing factors in males, e.g. buserelin, deslorelin, gonadorelin, goserelin, leuprorelin, nafarelin and triptorelin;

2.2 Corticotrophins and their releasing factors, e.g. corticorelin;

2.3 Growth hormone (GH), its analogues and fragments including, but not limited to:

growth hormone analogues, e.g. lonapegsomatropin, somapacitan and somatrogongrowth hormone fragments, e.g. AOD-9604 and hGH 176-191

2.4 growth hormone releasing factors, including, but not limited to:growth hormone-releasing (GHRH) and its analogues, e.g. CJC-12 93, CJC-1295, sermorelin and tesamorelin)growth hormone secretagogues (GHS) and its mimetics, (e.g. lenomorelin (ghrelin), anamorelin, ipamorelin, macimorelin and tabimorelin)

GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) (e.g. alexamorelin, GHRP-1,

GHRP-2 (pralmorelin), GHRP-3, GHRP-4, GHRP-5, GHRP-6, and examorelin (hexarelin))

3. Growth Factors and Growth Factor Modulators, including, but not limited to:

Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its analogues

Mechano growth factors (MGFs)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)

Thymosin- β4 and its derivatives e.g. TB-500

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)and other growth factors or growth factor modulators affecting muscle, tendon or ligament protein synthesis/degradation, vascularisation, energy utilization, regenerative capacity or fibre type switching.

S3. BETA-2 AGONISTS

All selective and non-selective beta-2 agonists, including all optical isomers, are prohibited.
Including, but not limited to:
Arformoterol;

Fenoterol;

Formoterol;

Higenamine;

Indacaterol;

Levosalbutamol;

Olodaterol;
Procaterol;
Reproterol;
Salbutamol;
Salmeterol;
Terbutaline;
Tretoquinol (trimetoquinol)

Tulobuterol;

Vilanterol.Exceptions:

• Inhaled salbutamol: maximum 1600 micrograms over 24 hours in divided doses not to exceed 600 micrograms over 8 hours starting from any dose;

• Inhaled formoterol: maximum delivered dose of 54 micrograms over 24 hours; • Inhaled salmeterol: maximum 200 micrograms over 24 hours;
• Inhaled vilanterol: maximum 25 micrograms over 24 hours.

Note:

The presence in urine of salbutamol in excess of 1000 ng/ml or formoterol in excess of 40 ng/ml is not consistent with therapeutic use of the substance and will be considered as an Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) unless the Athlete proves, through a controlled pharmacokinetic study, that the abnormal result was the consequence of a therapeutic dose (by inhalation) up to the maximum dose indicated above.

S4. HORMONE AND METABOLIC MODULATORS

The following hormone and metabolic modulators are prohibited:

1. Aromatase inhibitors including, but not limited to: 2-Androstenol (5a-androst-2-en-17-ol) 2-Androstenone (5a-androst-2-en-17-one) 3-Androstenol (5a-androst-3-en-17-ol) 3-Androstenone (5a-androst-3-en-17-one) 4-Androstene-3,6,17 trione (6-oxo) AminoglutethimideAnastrozole
   Androsta-1,4,6-triene-3,17-dione (androstatrienedione) Androsta-3,5-diene-7,17-dione (arimistane) Exemestane
   Formestane
   Letrozole
   Testolactone
2. Anti-estrogenic substances (anti-estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS)). Including, but not limited to:

Bazedoxifene Clomifene Cyclofenil Fulvestrant

Ospemifene Raloxifene Tamoxifen Toremifene

3. Agents preventing activin receptor IIB activation including, but not limited, to:

Activin A-neutralizing antibodies
Activin receptor IIB competitors such as: Decoy activin receptors (e.g. ACE-031)

Anti-activin receptor IIB antibodies (e.g. bimagrumab) Myostatin inhibitors such as:

Agents reducing or ablating myostatin expression
Myostatin-binding proteins (e.g. follistatin, myostatin, propeptide) Myostatin-neutralizing antibodies (e.g. domagrozumab, landogrozumab,

stamulumab)

4. Metabolic modulators:

1. 4.1  Activators of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), e.g. AICAR, SR9009;and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) agonists, e.g. 2-(2-methyl-4-((4-methyl-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl)thiazol-5- yl)methylthio)phenoxy) acetic acid (GW 1516, GW501516);
2. 4.2  Insulins and insulin-mimetics
3. 4.3  Meldonium
4. 4.4  Trimetazidine

 

S5. DIURETICS AND OTHER MASKING AGENTS

The following diuretics and masking agents are prohibited, as are other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).
Including, but not limited to:

• Desmopressin; probenecid; plasma expanders, e.g. intravenous administration of albumin, dextran, hydroxyethyl starch and mannitol.

• Acetazolamide; amiloride; bumetanide; canrenone; chlortalidone; etacrynic acid; furosemide; indapamide; metolazone; spironolactone; thiazides, e.g. bendroflumethiazide, chlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide; triamterene and vaptans, e.g. tolvaptan.

Exceptions:

• Drospirenone; pamabrom; and topical ophthalmic administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (e.g. dorzolamide, brinzolamide);

• Local administration of felypressin in dental anaesthesia

Note: The detection in an Athlete’s Sample at all times, as applicable, of any quantity of the following substances subject to threshold limits: formoterol, salbutamol, cathine, ephedrine, methylephedrine and pseudoephedrine, in conjunction with a diuretic or masking agent, will be considered as an Adverse Analytical Finding (AAF) unless the Athlete has an approved Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) for that substance in addition to the one granted for the diuretic or masking agent.

 

S6. STIMULANTS

All stimulants, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant, are prohibited.

Stimulants include:

A: Non-Specified Stimulants:

Adrafinil
Amfepramone
Amfetamine
Amfetaminil
Amiphenazole
Benfluorex
Benzylpiperazine
Bromantan
Clobenzorex
Cocaine
Cropropamide
Crotetamide
Fencamine
Fenetylline
Fenfluramine
Fenproporex
Fonturancetam (4-phenylpiracetam (carphedon))

Furfenorex

Lisdexamfetamine

Mefenorex

Mephentermine

Mesocarb

Methamphetamine (d-)

p-methylamphetamine

Modafinil

Norfenfluramine

Phendimetrazine

Phentermine

Prenylamine

Prolintane

A stimulant not expressly listed in this section is a Specified Substance.

3-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,2-dimethylpentylamine)

4-fluoromethyphenidate
4-Methylhexan-2-amine (methylhexaneamine)

4-Methylpentan-2-amine (1,3 dimethylbutylamine)

5-Methylhexan-2-amine (1,4-dimethylpentylamine)

Benzfetamine

Cathine**

Cathinone and its analogues, e.g. mephedrone, methedrone, and α- pyrrolidinovalerophenone

Dimetamfetamine (dimethylamphetamine)
Ephedrine***
Epinephrine**** (adrenaline)
Etamivan
Ethyphenidate
Etilamfetamine
Etilefrine
Famprofazone
Fenbutrazate
Fencamfamin
Heptaminol
Hydroxyamfetamine (parahydroxyaphetamine)
Isometheptene
Levmetamfetamine
Meclofenoxate
Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
Methyephedrine***
Methylnaphthidate (((+)-methyl-2-(naphthalen-2-yl)-2-(piperidin-2-yl)acetate) Methylphenidate
Nikethaminde
Norfenefrine
Octodrine (1,5-dimethylhexylamine)
Octopamine;
Oxilofrine (methylsynephrine)
Pemoline
Penetrazol
Phenethylamine and its derivatives
Phenmetrazine
Phenpromethamine
Propylhexedrine
Pseudoephedrine*****
Selegiline
Sibutramine
Strychnine
Tenamfetamine (methylenedioxyamphetamine)
Tuaminoheptane

and other substances with a similar chemical structure or similar biological effect(s).

Exceptions:

• Clonidine
• Imidazole derivatives for dermatological, nasal or ophthalmic use (e.g. brimondine, clonazoline, fenoxazoline, indanazoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, xylometazoline) and those stimulants included in WADA’s 2022 Monitoring Program*.

*Bupropion, caffeine, nicotine, phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, pipradrol, and synephrine: These substances are included in WADA’s 2022 Monitoring Program,, and are not considered Prohibited Substances.
**Cathine (d-norpseudoephedrine and its l-isomer: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 5 micrograms per milliliter.

***Ephedrine and methylephedrine: Prohibited when the concentration of either in urine is greater 10 micrograms per milliliter.
****Epinephrine (adrenaline): Not prohibited in local administration, e.g. nasal, ophthalmologic, or co-administration with local anaesthetic agents.

*****Pseudoephedrine: Prohibited when its concentration in urine is greater than 150 micrograms per milliliter.

 

S7. NARCOTICS

Substance of Abuse in this section: diamorphine (heroin)

The following narcotics, including all optical isomers, e.g. d- and l- where relevant are prohibited:
Buprenorphine
Dextromoramide

Diamorphine (heroin)

Fentanyl and its derivatives

Hydromorphone

Methadone
Morphine
Nicomorphine
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Pentazocine
Pethidine

S9. GLUCOCORTICOIDS

All prohibited substances in this class are Specified Substances.
All glucocorticoids are prohibited when administered by any injectable, oral, (including

oromucosal (e.g. buccal, gingival, sublingual)) or rectal routes.

Including but not limited to:

Beclometasone

Bethamethesone

Budesonide
Ciclesonide
Cortisone
Deflazacort

Dexamethasone

Flucortolone
Flunisolide
Fluticasone

Hydrocortisone

Methylprednisolone

Mometasone

Prednisolone

Prednisone

Triamcinolone acetonide

NOTE: Other routes of administration (including inhaled, and topical: dental-intracanal, dermal, intranasal, ophthalmological and perianal) are not prohibited when used within the manufacturer’s licensed doses and therapeutic indications,